Communicative Approach Free Essays

Informative Language Teaching (CLT) and the Post - Method Era POSTED BY TEACHING ENGLISH 4 ALL ? APRIL 22, 2011 ? 4 COMMENTS FILED UNDER  ADVANTAGES, CLT, COMMUNICATIVE, DISADVANTAGE, LANGUAGE, TEACHING, TEACHING ENGLISH Background The starting points of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) are to be found in the adjustments in the British language instructing custom dating late 1960s. Up to that point, circumstance of Language Teaching spoke to the significant British way to deal with showing English as unknown dialect. In situational language instructing, language was educated by rehearsing essential structure in important circumstance based exercises. We will compose a custom article test on Informative Approach or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Be that as it may, similarly as the phonetics hypothesis basic sound Lingualism was dismissed in the assembled state in the mid-1960s, British applied etymologists started to raise doubt about the hypothetical suppositions basic Situational Language Teaching. Regular to all adaptation of Communicative Language Teaching is a hypothesis of language training that stars from an informative model of language and language use, and that tries to make an interpretation of this into plan for an instructional framework, for material, for instructor and student jobs and practices, and for homeroom exercises and method. Let’s perceive how this is showed at the degrees of approach, structure, and method. Approach The Communicative Approach in language showing begins from a hypothesis of language as correspondence. The objective of language instructing is to create informative ability (Richards Rodgers, 2001:159). Another semantic hypothesis of correspondence supported in CLT is Halliday’s utilitarian record of language use. Etymological is worried about the depiction of discourse demonstrations of writings, since just through investigation of language being used are for the most part the capacity of language and hence all segments of importance brought into center. Plans These are a few contemplations to make structures in informative methodology: 1. Goals Piepho (in Richards Rodgers, 2001:162) examines the accompanying degrees of destinations in an open methodology: a. an integrative and substance level (language as a methods for articulations) b. a semantics and instrumental level (language as a semiotics framework and an object of learning) c. a compelling degree of relational relationship and lead (language as a methods for communicating esteems and decisions about oneself as well as other people) d. a degree of individual adapting needs ( healing learning dependent on blunder examination) f. general instruction level of extra-semantics objectives (language learning inside the school educational plan) 2. The Syllabus Discussion of prospectus hypothesis and schedule models in open Language instructing has been broad. Wilkins’s unique notional prospectus model was before long censured by British applied semantics as simply supplanting one so rt of rundown (e. g. , a rundown of punctuation things) with another (a rundown of thoughts and capacities). It determined items, instead of informative procedures. There are a few proposition and models for what a schedule may resemble in Communicative Language Teaching. Yalden (1983) in Richards Rodgers (2001:164) depicts the significant current informative prospectus type. Richard Rodgers sum up a changed form of Yalden’s characterization of open prospectus type as follow: 3. Sorts of Learning and Teaching Activities The scope of activity types and exercises good with an open methodology is boundless, given that such activities empower students to achieve the open destinations of the educational program, draw in students in correspondence, and require the utilization of such open procedures as data sharing, arrangement of importance, and association. 4. Learner’s Role Examining about student job, Breen and Candlin in Richards Rodgers (2001:166) depict the learner’s job inside CLT is as arbitrator between oneself, the learning procedure, and the object of learning, rises up out of and interfaces with the job of joint moderator inside the gathering and inside the study hall technique and exercises which the gathering embraces. 5. Teacher’s Role According to Breen and Candlin in Richards Rodgers (2001:167) that instructor has two primary jobs in CLT. To begin with, to encourage the correspondence procedure between all members in the study hall, and between these members and the different exercises and text. Second, to go about as an autonomous member inside the getting the hang of instructing gathering. Different jobs accepted for instructors are need investigator, guide, and gathering process supervisor. 6. The Role of Instructional Materials A wide assortment of materials have been utilized to help informative ways to deal with language educating. Professionals of Communicative Language showing view materials as a method of affecting of nature of study hall association and language use. Richards Rodgers consider three sorts of materials presently utilized in CLT, they are: text-based materials, task-based materials, and realia. Method Since open standards can be applied to the educating of any expertise, at any level, and on account of the wide assortment of homeroom exercises and exercise types talked about in the writing on informative Language Teaching, depiction of average study hall strategies utilized in an exercise dependent on CLT standards is no possible. Finocchiaro and Brumfit offer an exercise diagram for showing the capacity â€Å" making a recommendation â€Å" for the student in the first place level of auxiliary school program that proposes that CLT methods are transformative as opposed to progressive : 1. Introduction of a concise discourse or a few small scale exchanges 2. Oral act of every expression of the discourse section to be introduced that day 3. Question and answer dependent on the discourse subject. 4. Question and answer identified with the student’s individual experience 5. Study one of the essential informative articulation in discourse. 6. Student revelation of speculations or rules fundamental the practical articulation 7. Oral acknowledgment, interpretative exercises 8. Oral creation exercises continuing from guided to more liberated correspondence exercises 9. Duplicating of the discourse or modules on the off chance that they are not in the class text 10. Inspecting of the composed schoolwork task 11. Assessment of learning. Attributes of Communicative Methodology According to Johnson in Richards Rodgers, (2001:173) there are five center qualities that underlie current utilizations of informative procedure. They are: 1. Propriety: Language utilized mirrors the circumstances of its utilized and should be proper to that circumstance relying upon the setting, the jobs of members, and motivation behind the correspondence. 2. Message center: Learners should have the option to make and get messages, that is, genuine implications. Subsequently the emphasis on data sharing and data move in CLT exercises. . Psycholinguistic preparing: CLT exercises look to connect with students in the utilization of psychological and different procedures that are significant factors in second language procurement. 4. Hazard taking: Learners are urged to make surmises and gain from their mistakes. By going past what they have been educated, they are urged to utilize an assortment of correspondence systems. 5. Free practice: CLT en ergizes the utilization of â€Å"holistic practice† including the concurrent utilization of an assortment of sub-abilities, as opposed to rehearsing singular aptitudes each piece in turn. Difficulties to the Use of CLT Maybe the most genuine test to the spread of CLT originates from educator outside of the Inner Circle who addresses the propriety of the methodology for their specific instructing setting. Perhaps the soonest study which give proof of the test is a review of Chinese college instructors attempted by Burnaby and Sun (in McKay, 2002:113). The Chinese instructors in the examination accepted that though CLT would be proper for Chinese understudies who expected to go to English talking nations, an accentuation on perusing and interpretation would best address the issue of numerous English language students in China. In the mean time, Li (in McKay, 2002:113) interviews Korean auxiliary teachers on the challenges associated with executing CLT shows comparable issues. Li’s study uncovered three wellsprings of trouble in utilizing CLT. The principal originates from the instructive framework itself wherein enormous classes, punctuation based assessments, deficient financing, and absence of help for educator training sabotages the execution of this methodology. Second, the students’ low English capability, absence of inspiration for creating open skill, and protection from class cooperation makes it hard to utilize CLT. At long last, the instructors accept that their own deficiencies add to the issue. They feel that their inadequacy in communicated in English and sociolinguistic skill, alongside their absence of applicable preparing and constrained chance to create materials, include their troubles. Medgyes, a Hungarian instructor teacher, has different worries about CLT. Points of interest and Disadvantages of CLT 1. Points of interest Open showing accentuation on â€Å"task-arranged, understudy centered† language showing practice, solicited to show the life from the real needs of the English language to reproduce an assortment of life settings, passionate, and to give understudies thorough utilization of English language, for correspondence of chances, its center isn't just a language in the structure, linguistic exactness, more accentuation on the suitability of language use, plausibility, relational abilities, just as preparing understudies in informative exercises in the strain and critical thinking capacity. In particular, the informative methodology of educating has the accompanying three preferences: (1) The communication among understudies and instructors. Open instructing is becom

Grammar Translation Method Overview Essay

As per Fromkin (2011), punctuation interpretation is a procedure or technique for second-language learning in which the understudy remembers words and syntactic standards and deciphers them between the local language and target language. As it were, syntax interpretation technique is an unknown dialect training that expects understudies to decipher words and retain. The objective is to ensure that the understudy ready to peruse and decipher the objective language. Syntax interpretation strategy is a conventional technique and was initially used to instruct ‘dead’ dialects (and written works, for example, Latin and Greek, including almost no verbally expressed correspondence or listening appreciation. The first reason by utilizing this technique is to assist understudies with perusing and acknowledge unknown dialect writing so understudy can turn out to be progressively acquainted with the sentence structure of their local language. This recognition will assist them with talking and compose their local language better. It was felt that unknown dialect learning would assist understudies with developing mentally. Language learning is an upstanding scholarly exercise for understudies. Information on the objective language and first language would enrich understudies intellectually and it was unsurprising that understudies would most likely never utilize the objective language however the psychological exercise of learning it would be helpful in any case. Numerous philosophies to second or unknown dialect educating have been created throughout the years. There are two general classifications that tumble from second-language showing technique: the manufactured methodology and investigative methodology. Engineered strategy accentuations on the instructing of linguistic, lexical, phonological and utilitarian units of the language bit by bit. This is a base up technique, a strategy that starts with the little units like telephones and continues stepwise to progressively bigger units and regularly finishing in a semantic translation. Despite what might be expected, logical methodologies are increasingly top-down. Top-down is a technique that starts with the suspicion that a huge syntactic unit, for example, a sentence is available and the investigations it into effectively littler constituents which are contrasted and the tactile or acoustic information to approve the examination. With the point of explaining, sentence structure transmission technique or GTM can be followed by its specific highlights. GTM qualities and principals are: * Translation of an abstract section * The capacity of imparting in the objective language isn't an objective * Memorization * The essential abilities to be improved are perusing and composing * Its emphasis is on exactness, not familiarity * The expert in the study hall is the instructor Therefore, by following this highlights; classes ought to be educated in the primary language or student’s local language, with minimal dynamic utilization of the objective language or second language. Much jargon is educated as arrangements of disconnected words, alongside long expand clarifications of the complexities of syntax. Syntax gives the standard to assembling words, and guidance frequently centers around the structure and emphasis of words. The perusing movement of perusing troublesome traditional writings is started early and little consideration is paid to the substance of writings, which are treated as exercise in linguistic investigation.

Essay College Application Samples - How to Find Them

Essay College Application Samples - How to Find ThemEssay college application samples are found all over the internet, but just what is it? It is simply an application for your college essays that is created by a college professor. All of them, however, are not created equal, as many samples do not offer a variety of topics or techniques for you to choose from.When looking for college application essay samples, you need to keep in mind that not all college professors will provide you with a variety of topics and approaches to work with. You also want to be sure that you check to see if the samples are going to come packaged with any tips and techniques that you can use with it. Some sample packs include them, but most don't. If you don't get any tips or techniques, then you may have to come up with your own techniques on your own.Many college professors will distribute college application essay samples in book form. They will allow you to download this type of material as long as you contact them directly with your questions.It is important to know that some of the college application essay samples you find online may come with guidelines that are not set forth by the publisher. Most of the publishers of these materials will not permit you to reprint these materials for your own use, but some will allow you to translate the information into a format that you are familiar with.Other types of college application essay samples that you may find include a number of eBooks that will allow you to fill out the forms within the eBooks and submit them for credit. A few examples of these types of materials would be those that provide a number of samples of essays that can be printed out and used at your school or university. There may also be text samples within the book, but if you are unable to comprehend the images or learn how to manipulate the graphics properly, you may have to find other resources to see if you can understand the entire book.Essay college applicati on samples do not have to be extensive and you should not have to spend hours completing them, either. You just need to read the sample material and try to follow along with the instructions that are given to you.You will also find a number of websites that will offer a number of college application essay samples for you to download. These types of sites will provide the material, but you will not get any tips or techniques from them. They will instead have the information that you need to find the application for your school.Essay college application samples, like anything else that you find online, come in all shapes and sizes. It will take some time and a little research on your part to find the ones that are going to be most beneficial to you. Just make sure that you don't just jump on the first site that you find as you may end up paying more than you should.

Evaluation Plan For Improving Students Performance With...

To meet some of the challenges there have been some goals developed for the WIOA evaluation plan. The goals of the Program evaluation plan are as follows: The first thing is to provide a plan so that you and others will be able to oversee every twelve months the successfulness, and worthiness of the WIOA program. Secondly it will make know ways for improving students performance with disabilities. And third the school board the particular area will be able to view the WIOA programs and the overall performance that the students are progressing towards. There are so many issues facing individuals with disabilities now a days the society are viewing them as thought they have talent and intelligence, but not the needed experience for†¦show more content†¦There is no limit of number of disabled individuals that will be serviced into the WIOA program. The program accept a change to provide services to both youth and adult disabled persons. There will be incentives or stipends for individuals with disabilities. The program will contribute to working towards providing individuals with orientation, assessments, transportation devel opment in their personal skills, and achievement. According to an are that I read it stated that sampling techniques: In addition, the technique used to generate replicate from the TI should produce a prior ensemble that is sufficiently divers to accurately describe uncertainty in the true precipitation. The sampling techniques that will be performed is a judgmental sample whereas there will be one city selected for evaluation but the study will still correspond to representing all cities (Alemohammad, S. H., Mclaughlin, D. B., Entekhabi, D. (2015, August 01). Quantifying Precipitation Uncertainty for Land Data Assimilation Applications. Monthly Weather Review, (8), 3276, Retrieved from http://elibrary.bigchalk.com). There will be considerably amounts of formative assessment taking place to measure the students performance. In fact with this type of assessment it will help you to oversee, and find out exactly what areas students are struggling and what areas students

The law of unregistered land - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2836 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Level High school Did you like this example? 193421 Title: English Land Law Analyse what the future for land governed by the deeds system (unregistered land) may be.] Although registration of land is not compulsory the Government have tried in recent times to encourage the registration of land by offering incentives to those who are in possession of unregistered land[1]. Generally speaking land that is unregistered only becomes registered when the owners of that land sell it to another[2]. All land purchased since the Land Registration Act 1925 should be registered as the Act made it possible for land sold after this date to be registered[3]. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The law of unregistered land" essay for you Create order Concern has been raised by the Government about unregistered land as it is sometimes difficult for an owner of that land to prove his ownership of it[4]. At present only 50% of land in England and Wales is registered. It is the aim of the Land Registry to vastly increase this amount by 2012. In order to achieve this they have set up teams dedicated to dealing with the registration of unregistered land. Their aim is to make the voluntary registration of unregistered land[5] as simple as possible and to provide adequate support to those seeking to register their land. To encourage people to register their land the Land Registry point out the advantages behind the registering of the land. These include reducing the risk of adverse possession[6], promoting the security and convenience of the title being registered and enabling proof of ownership to be simpler. The risk of adverse protection is removed by the Land Registration Act 2002[7]. Once the land has been registered the Land Reg istry will issue a warning to the owner of any claim that has been made against their title[8]. By registering the land the owner will protect the boundaries of their estate and could save themselves from potentially large legal bills in the future when trying to fight a claim for adverse possession. Registered titles are guaranteed by the state. The title sets out a description of the land and lists the rights and obligations that affect that land. When carrying out transactions in the future the deeds are no longer required as all the information contained in the deeds will be held at the Land Registry[9]. Over the years the knowledge of how to deal with ancient titles is dwindling so registration will be of a great advantage in the future when that knowledge is extinguished altogether[10]. Registration provides proof of ownership and helps to simplify conveyancing which in turn reduces legal fees and avoids unnecessary delays. Owners and advisors are able to access the regi stered title and plans on line at any time thanks to the internet. Potential purchasers are more likely to expect the land to be registered in the future and may be more tempted to buy land that is registered as the process is simpler and less expensive. At present in an attempt to encourage land owners to register their land the Land Registry is offering an incentive by discounting the normal charges for registration by 25%[11]. It is a possibility that in the future land registration will become compulsory and the discounts that are being offered at present for the fees might not be available. The Land Registry announced that it is their intention to try to make it so that all land is registered by 2012, which would seem to suggest that some form of compulsory registration is likely to be introduced in the future[12]. It is likely that land owners could end up losing large areas of their land if they do not register the land. This might occur if someone takes possession of a djoining land and then registers their claim to that land with the Land Registry[13]. As the land claimed is unregistered the Land Registry have no way of proving who the land belongs to and are therefore could allow someone who is not the rightful owner of the land to register the land as theirs[14]. As the deeds are the only proof of the land held in unregistered property it can be difficult to establish exactly what is owned by the landowner especially in situations where the deeds are passed from generation to generation without the registering of the transfer. In some cases deeds can consist of several hundred pages detailing the entire estate. The loss of one or more of the pages of the title deeds could mean that a future heir to the land may not know of the full extent of the estate they have inherited. This could leave large areas of land with seemingly no owner[15]. Some less scrupulous individuals have exploited this anomaly and have acquired land that appears to have no owner without having to pay for the land[16]. The Land Registration Act 2002 s3 allows for the voluntary registration of unregistered land whilst s4 of the Act lays down the regulations with regard to when registration is compulsory. Land Registration on transfers became compulsory from 1990 onwards. At present the law requires registration when the qualifying estate is transferred, where the unregistered legal estate is transferred under s171A of the Housing Act 1985 or where a grant of land is given to another for a term of yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s absolute of more than 7 years and there has been consideration given for this transfer. Such registration is also required when a lease is granted or a mortgage is secured against the estate. S5 gives the courts extra powers to require registration in respect of such things as rentcharges or profit a prendre. Where a duty to register is required it is the duty of the estate owner or his successor in title to ensure that the registr ation is done[17]. Non-compliance with this duty renders the transfer or grant void and the new owner or grantee would lose the right to possess the land[18]. If the transfer is voided due to non-registration the transferee, grantee or mortgagor will be liable to the other party for any costs incurred for the retransfer, regrant or recreation of the legal estate as well as any other liability the other party might have incurred as a result of the non-compliance[19]. When the Land Registration Bill was first discussed those responsible for the Bill anticipated that in the future all land would be registered thereby simplifying the way in which land is bought and sold and easing the burden of proving land ownership. The Bill itself did not include plans to make registration compulsory but preferred to anticipate that those who owned unregistered land would be persuaded by the benefits offered with land registration to voluntarily register their land. From the evidence to date there is still a great proportion of land that remains unregistered which would appear to suggest that landowners are not convinced of the advantages of registration, or are deterred from doing so by the cost or by the knowledge that if the land is registered others can browse the Land Registry entries and be able to ascertain who owns certain pieces of land. It was suggested during the discourse in the Land Registration Bill that in the future there would be a compulsory registration system applied to all land. The right to lodge a caution against unregistered land could cause difficulties when the owner of the land comes to sell the property[20]. It could be the case that someone who does not have title to the land registers a caution on the land[21]. It is then the responsibility of the true owner to prove that the caution should not have been entered on the land and that he is the true proprietor of the land[22]. In an attempt to make more of the land registered the Government introduced new triggers for registration during 1998. These included gifts of land, assent of land on death and raising monies by mortgages. The 2002 Act has moved towards the compulsory introduction of electronic conveyancing by using electronic signatures to transfer and register property. If electronic conveyancing is made compulsory those who have unregistered land will be forced to register their land if they wish to transfer or sell it in the future. The problem of adverse possession was highlighted in November 2006 by the case of JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v United Kingdom[23]. In this case the applicant was seeking redress against the Government for filing to protect their interest in the land. In 2002 the applicant won the right to appeal against a decision made by the court awarding the respondent Graham the tight to possess the land under the doctrine of adverse possession. The respondent in the 2002 case Graham had been using land owned by Pye for a period in excess of 12 ye ars and had registered a caution on the land using the doctrine of adverse possession. Pye became aware of this caution when they attempted to reclaim their land so that they could push forward with their intended development of that land. The respondents were successful in their appeal and were allowed to reclaim their land when the European Court on Human Rights reached the conclusion that there had been a violation of the European Convention Human Rights 1950 Protocol 1 Art 1. It is problems such as this that the Land Registration Act 2002 has attempted to address by encouraging the voluntary registration of unregistered land. The Environmental Stewardship[24] scheme that has recently been introduced is aimed at giving farmers in England the opportunity to be paid for environmental work on their farms. Inclusion of the land of the farmer onto the scheme will require the land to be registered on the Rural Land Register[25]. Farmers must also have their land registered with the Rural Payment Agency in advance of their application to have their land included in the scheme. As the vast majority of unregistered land is in rural areas and has been passed down to family members the land has remained unregistered as it escapes the triggers of registration that were included in the 1925 Act. The scheme mentioned above would have the impact of making much of the unregistered land registrable. Providing that sufficient numbers apply to go onto the scheme this could lead to less unregistered land in the UK. The Government has drawn up a 10 year Strategic Plan setting out the role of the Land Registry in the 21st Century. Lord Irvine the previous Lord Chancellor stated that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"by 2012, we will have a complete Land Register of England and Wales, that provides enhanced information for business and is at the centre of a revolutionised, fully electronic, conveyancing processà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. At present it is estimated that 82% of all property in England and Wales is registered. The aim of the Plan is that registration of all properties will be complete by 2012. A review of the numbers of unregistered properties in the UK is due to be conducted in 2008. The review will look at measures that are needed to be taken to assist in the registration process so that the target date of 2012 can be attained. The Strategic Plan is designed to run until 2014 by which time the Land Registry should have accomplished its mission or providing the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best service for guaranteeing ownership of land and the simplifying of property transactions[26]. The conclusion that can be drawn from the above is that by the year 2012 it will become compulsory to register all land. It is unclear from the above what sanctions will be taken against those that fail to register their land, however it is possible to surmise that lack of compliance could result in the owner of the unregistered land losing ownership of that land. If the Government is going to be able to deprive landowners of their land in this way it is likely that the land would become the property of the crown as is the case if someone dies intestate and there are no surviving relatives to lay claim to the estate. One advantage that could result from the Government seizing unregistered land, is that land that has not been cultivated for years because the owner is not aware that the land belongs to him, or the deeds to that area of land have been lost so no owner can be traced, will be able to be developed on and could be used to provide housing for those who are not in a position to be able to buy their own house Bibliography Bryn Perrins, Understanding Land Law, 3rd Ed, 2000, Cavendish Publishing Ltd Butterworths Dixon, M. Modern Land Law, 5th Ed, 2005, Cavendish Gravells, N P, Land Law Text and Materials, 2nd Ed, 1999, Sweet and Maxwell Gray, K Gray, S, Elements of Land Law, 4th Ed, 2005, Oxford University Press McKenzie, JA, Phillips, M, Textbook on Land Law, 2006, 11th Ed, Oxford University Press Sparkes, P, A New Land Law, 2003, Hart Publishing Thomas, M, Statutes on Property Law, 8th Ed, 2001, Blackstoneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Wilkie, M, Luxton, P Malcolm, R, Questions and Answers Land Law, 2007, 6th Ed, Butterworths https://www.defra.gov.uk https://www.landregistry.gov.uk https://www.cumberlandellis.com https://www.justice.gov.uk/ https://www.naturalengland.org.uk https://www.ramblers.org.uk Table of Cases Buhr v Barclays Bank Plc [2001] EWCA Civ 1223 [2002] B.P.I.R. 25 [2001] 31 E.G.C.S. 103 (2001) 98(31) L.S.G. 38 [2001] N.P.C. 124 [2002] 1 P. C.R. DG7 Central London Commercial Estates Ltd v Kato Kagaku Ltd [1998] 4 All E.R. 948 [1998] 3 E.G.L.R. 55 [1998] 46 E.G. 185 [1998] E.G.C.S. 117 (1998) 95(37) L.S.G. 37 (1998) 95(29) L.S.G. 28 (1998) 142 S.J.L.B. 252 [1998] N.P.C. 125 (1999) 77 P. C.R. D5 Times, July 27, 1998; JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham [2002] UKHL 30 [2003] 1 A.C. 419 [2002] 3 W.L.R. 221 [2002] 3 All E.R. 865 [2002] H.R.L.R. 34 [2003] 1 P. C.R. 10 [2002] 28 E.G.C.S. 129 [2002] N.P.C. 92 [2002] 2 P. C.R. DG22 Times, July 5, 2002 Independent, July 9, 2002 JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v United Kingdom (44302/02) (2006) 43 E.H.R.R. 3 19 B.H.R.C. 705 [2005] 3 E .G.L.R. 1 [2005] 49 E.G. 90 [2006] R.V.R. 188 [2005] 47 E.G.C.S. 145 [2005] N.P.C. 135 Times, November 23, 2005 Tennant v Adamczyk [2005] EWCA Civ 1239 [2006] 1 P. C.R. 28 [2005] 41 E.G.C.S. 205 Tiverton and North Devon Railway Co v Loosemore (1883-84) L.R. 9 App. Cas. 480 Trustees of Sir John Mordens Charity v Mayrick [2007] EWCA Civ 4 (2007) 151 S.J.L.B. 127 [2007] N.P.C. 7 Wallcite Ltd v Ferrishurst Ltd [1999] Ch. 355 [1999] 2 W.L.R. 667 [1999] 1 All E.R. 977 [1999] 1 E.G.L.R. 85 [1999] 05 E.G. 161 [1998] E.G.C.S. 175 (1998) 95(47) L.S.G. 30 (1999) 96(4) L.S.G. 39 (1999) 143 S.J.L.B. 54 [1998] N.P.C. 157 (1999) 77 P. C.R. D20 Times, December 8, 1998 Table of statutes Land Registration Act 1925 Land Registration Act 2002 1 [1]https://www.defra.gov.uk/erdp/schemes/es/default.htm;https://www.naturalengland.org.uk/press/news2006/191206.htm [2] Land Registration Act 2002 s4 [3] Land Registration Act 1925 s2 [4] Trustees of Sir John Mordens Charity v Mayrick [2007] EWCA Civ 4 (2007) 151 S.J.L.B. 127 [2007] N.P.C. 7; Tennant v Adamczyk [2005] EWCA Civ 1239 [2006] 1 P. C.R. 28 [2005] 41 E.G.C.S. 205 [5] Land Registration Act 2002 s3; https://www.landregistry.gov.uk [6] https://www.cumberlandellis.com/docs/newsletters/winter01.pdf; Central London Commercial Estates Ltd v Kato Kagaku Ltd [1998] 4 All E.R. 948 [1998] 3 E.G.L.R. 55 [1998] 46 E.G. 185 [1998] E.G.C.S. 117 (1998) 95(37) L.S.G. 37 (1998) 95(29) L.S.G. 28 (1998) 142 S.J.L.B. 252 [1998] N.P.C. 125 (1999) 77 P. C.R. D5 Times, July 27, 1998; https://www.landregistry.gov.uk/assets/library/documents/lrpg004.pdf [7] Land Registration Act 2002 Part 9 [8] Land Registration Act 2002 s98 [9] https://www.dca.gov.uk/consult/general/e -conv.htm [10] https://www.landregistry.gov.uk [11] https://www.landregistry.gov.uk [12] https://www.landregistry.gov.uk [13] Land Registration Act 2002 Part 2 [14] JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham [2002] UKHL 30 [2003] 1 A.C. 419 [2002] 3 W.L.R. 221 [2002] 3 All E.R. 865 [2002] H.R.L.R. 34 [2003] 1 P. C.R. 10 [2002] 28 E.G.C.S. 129 [2002] N.P.C. 92 [2002] 2 P. C.R. DG22 Times, July 5, 2002 Independent, July 9, 2002 [15] Tiverton and North Devon Railway Co v Loosemore (1883-84) L.R. 9 App. Cas. 480 [16] JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham [2002] UKHL 30 [2003] 1 A.C. 419 [2002] 3 W.L.R. 221 [2002] 3 All E.R. 865 [2002] H.R.L.R. 34 [2003] 1 P. C.R. 10 [2002] 28 E.G.C.S. 129 [2002] N.P.C. 92 [2002] 2 P. C.R. DG22 Times, July 5, 2002 Independent, July 9, 2002 [17] Land Registration Act 2002 s6 [18] Buhr v Barclays Bank Plc [2001] EWCA Civ 1223 [2002] B.P.I.R. 25 [2001] 31 E.G.C.S. 103 (2001) 98(31) L.S.G. 38 [2001] N.P.C. 124 [2002] 1 P. C.R. DG7 [19] Land Regis tration Act 2002 s8 [20] Land Registration Act 2002 s15 [21] Wallcite Ltd v Ferrishurst Ltd [1999] Ch. 355 [1999] 2 W.L.R. 667 [1999] 1 All E.R. 977 [1999] 1 E.G.L.R. 85 [1999] 05 E.G. 161 [1998] E.G.C.S. 175 (1998) 95(47) L.S.G. 30 (1999) 96(4) L.S.G. 39 (1999) 143 S.J.L.B. 54 [1998] N.P.C. 157 (1999) 77 P. C.R. D20 Times, December 8, 1998 [22] Land Registration Act 2002 s20 [23] (44302/02) (2006) 43 E.H.R.R. 3 19 B.H.R.C. 705 [2005] 3 E.G.L.R. 1 [2005] 49 E.G. 90 [2006] R.V.R. 188 [2005] 47 E.G.C.S. 145 [2005] N.P.C. 135 Times, November 23, 2005; JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham [2002] UKHL 30 [2003] 1 A.C. 419 [2002] 3 W.L.R. 221 [2002] 3 All E.R. 865 [2002] H.R.L.R. 34 [2003] 1 P. C.R. 10 [2002] 28 E.G.C.S. 129 [2002] N.P.C. 92 [2002] 2 P. C.R. DG22 Times, July 5, 2002 Independent, July 9, 2002 [24] https://www.naturalengland.org.uk/press/news2006/191206.htm [25] https://www.ramblers.org.uk/footpaths/research/advicenote10.html#UNREGISTERED LAND [26] https://w ww.landregistry.gov.uk

David Hume s Argument Against Suicide - 943 Words

David Hume grew up in a time where society was molded by the conservative beliefs of popular religions. So much so, that when the essay - On Suicide- was released, it was removed from the publication itself. In the eyes of the Christian community, suicide was always wrong, but Hume begged to differ. He believed that suicide should be done without blame or guilt, and that there were instances, where suicide should be allowed. His argument encompasses our duty to God, society and ourselves. His claim may be valid if all the premises of the argument are true, but it is not persuasive enough to be considered sound. Hume begins his argument by stating that â€Å"If Suicide be criminal, it must be a transgression of our duty either to God, our neighbour, or ourselves.† (Hume, On Suicide, pg. 55). However, he claims that suicide is not always a violation of our duty to God, our neighbours, or ourselves. Due to the lack of any scriptural prohibitions against suicide, it can be assumed that suicide is not entirely a transgression. The main reason why it is condemned in many popular beliefs is because altering the length of one’s life is not permitted. Hume argues that if the alteration of the length was an issue, then taking medicines and being treated would be a sin as well. But because that is not the case, and medicines are not impious, suicide can’t be so either. (Jackman, Lecture notes, pg. 2). The next premise of the argument is directed to the society as whole. The argument thatShow MoreRelatedKant And David Hume Views On The Matter1457 Words   |  6 Pagesthat lead to an individual to both reason and feel some sort of emotion. Objectively speaking, there is a no fine line between reasoning and how one feels, however there seems to be a distinct difference between the philosophers Immanuel Kant and David Hume views on the matter. Both are life changing philosophers with very opposing views. One sees the feelings in human nature while the other seems to see nothing but rationality. One can argue both are used but according to these two there is only oneRead MoreHow Can You Like For Die?1889 Words   |  8 Pagesa perfect time, a wonderful place and leave the world in their own way. Just like John Keats’ arguments in â€Å"Ode to a Nightingale,† â€Å"I have been half in love with easeful death†¦Now more than ever seems it rich to die, to cease upon the midnight with no pain† (52-54). Nevertheless, those who made their own choice on how to end their life are treated unfairly. Some would say—and some  have  saidà ¢â‚¬â€that  suicide is stupid, pointless, and meaningless.  This is far too casual a judgment, too dismissive of theRead MoreEssay on Steppenwolfs Decision to Live1250 Words   |  5 Pagescommitting suicide. He tries to justify taking his life with religious and philosophical rationales, but in the argument he finds that his life is worth living and suicide not a logical option. Sadly though, the novel provides little evidence beyond the Steppenwolfs own feelings as to why he cannot commit suicide. It is the intent of this paper, with some religious and philosophical references, to shed light on the reasoning behind the Steppenwolfs decision to live. The issue of suicide has beenRead MoreEssay about The Debate Over Euthanasia1216 Words   |  5 Pagestrust and faith held in God and his divine command. It was not until the eighteenth century Enlightenment period that new ideas favoring euthanasia were put forth by philosophers and other prominent figures such as Samuel Will iams and David Hume.4 By the close of the 1800’s, doctors and medical organizations began attacking the idea of euthanasia. They believed that pain medications should be used to control discomfort but not to cause death.5 This debate continues today and the views on it are just asRead MoreEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide - Good, Bad, Right, Or Wrong?1860 Words   |  8 Pages Euthanasia Physician Assisted Suicide – Good, Bad, Right, or Wrong? November 17, 2014 Jennifer Mullen South University Online Euthanasia is a term derived from a Greek word meaning happy or fortunate in death. It is most commonly used now to denote the merciful infliction of death [either actively or passively] to avoid torment in fatal and incurable disease, usually by consent of the patient or his family. Tribal Customs: There are accounts of tribes, ancient and moreRead MoreA Short History Of Self Esteem2742 Words   |  11 Pagesuseful to us, in the conduct of life, than a due degree of pride, which makes us sensible of our own merit, and gives us a confidence and assurance in all our projects and enterprises. David Hume, Treatise of Human Nature, vol. 2 As the quotation from the great 18th century Scottish Enlightenment thinker David Hume shows, the idea that it is important to value and think well of yourself has been around for a long time. However, the first pure psychological use of the term can be traced back to 1890Read MoreGod Is Real : Is God Real?2173 Words   |  9 Pagesreal, and is still apart of our everyday life. However, there is a side that states God is not real and he will not return. Major arguments for this side would be through certain catastrophic events that occurred, such as the Boston bombings or the attack on 9/11. The nonbelievers state that if there was a God he would not put his people through that; and also the argument of evolution, and how man came to be. As for me, I believe that God is indeed real, because the stories of Jesus told through theRead MoreShould Pas Be Legalized?3599 Words   |  15 Pageslegalized. However, there are some who believe that PAS should not be legalized, even if in some cases assisted suicide might be the right course of action, because legalizing PAS would lead to many unpleasant consequences. In the second section of this essay, I will attempt to respond to these concerns by providing empirical data which seems to show that many of these projected consequences against legalizing PAS are ill founded. I. The Value of Human Lives In this section I will try to analyze the valueRead MoreCriticisms Against Ethical Theories8474 Words   |  34 PagesCriticisms leveled against Ethical Theories 1. Criticisms leveled against Consequentialism. Consequentialism is based on the consequences of actions. It is sometimes called a teleological theory, from the Greek word telos, meaning goal. According to consequentialism, actions are right or wrong depending on whether their consequences further the goal. The goal (or, the good) can be something like the happiness of all people or the spreading of peace and safety. Anything which contributes toRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your reque st to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

The Accounting and Finance

Question: Discuss about the Accounting and Finance ? Answer : Introducation Financial needs of the business depends upon its type and size. Retail business requires less capital and on the other hand, substantial amount of capital is required by processing business. It is necessary for start up to take into account several areas such as starting investment in capacity, initial set up cost, growth and development and working capital. Equity and debt are the most important source of financing start up business (Brigham Ehrhardt, 2013). Equity financing is the process of raising capital through selling of shares in an enterprise. It is essentially the process of raising funds for selling of an ownership interest. It involves a permanent investment in the company. Debt financing on the other hand, is the process of buying money and involves borrowing funds from with the stipulation of borrowed funds along with interest at specified future time. This is the traditional method of raising funds for startup business. Current activities or operations are financed using short-term debt and financing of business assets are done using long-term debt (Titman et al., 2014). Equity financing comes with several advantages and disadvantages. Using equity finance involves less burdening on business, as there is no liability of making monthly payments. Equity is preferable if the business does not enjoy good credit worthiness. It comes with the advantage of retaining equity in the business. Disadvantage of equity financing: Equity financing involve sharing of control of company and it is regarded as one of potential disadvantage. Business needs to share its profit with the investors in dividend form. Advantage of debt financing: Debt financing provides the business with tax advantage as the amount of interest paid is tax deductible and net obligation is reduced effectively. Debt financers would not relinquish any ownership or retaining of control in the business. Disadvantage of debt financing: Borrowing money represents financing the business against future earnings that is this involves an allocation of future profits for repaying debts. Financing using debt would affect the credit rating of company as the borrower needs to higher interest rate if borrowing increases. Retained earnings- Future expansion of business can be financed by reinvestment of business earnings. Business can reinvest such earning for future growth. It makes the company less dependent on others for funds and contributes to companys stability. Advantage of retained earnings: Using retained earnings helps to determine growth potentially of business and determine their financial health. This would be useful for investors seeking investment in the company (Lasher, 2013). It also helps in funding several other projects of company such as research and development, paying off liabilities and purchasing equipments. Disadvantage of retained earnings: Retained earnings does not provide the company with advantage of taxation. It is quite possible to miss the business opportunities for building up necessary funds if retained earnings are used in business. Factoring- It is a third party funding source for raising capital where the business sell its account receivable at discounts. This source frees up working capital, provide fast cash for meeting financial needs of business, and does not involve collateral (Frank Pamela, 2016). However, factoring comes with cost as third party charge interest on cash balance. Recommendation: Equity financial should be used for staring up any new business and retained earnings is considered more reliable when expanding future business. Reference: Brigham, E. F., Ehrhardt, M. C. (2013).Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Frank, J. F., Pamela, P. P. (2016). Financial Management and Analysis. Lasher, W. R. (2013).Practical financial management. Nelson Education. Titman, S., Martin, J. D., Keown, A. J. (2014). Financial Management Principles.

Strategy And Controls In Information Security

Strategy and Controls For Dealing With Malicious Attacks and Vulnerability Every organization must focus and invest on countermeasures to deal with computer attacks and vulnerabilities. According to Beard and Wen (2009) an organization ought to balance its resources against the value of its information assets and any possible threats against them. These would work in detecting vulnerabilities, preventing attacks, and countering effects of any attacks that succeeds.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategy And Controls In Information Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Identifying the vulnerabilities and finding a way of minimizing them would work well to avoid possible attacks, and this is the best strategy. An attack is an act committed by an intruder with a wrong motive of interfering with system security. An attack on the information assets exploits the system’s vulnerability, and could damage the asset. An attack could comprise any of the following categories or a combination of any of them: Fabrications, which means adoption of some deceptions to play a trick on the unaware users of a system; Interruptions, which creates a break in the transmission channel and therefore acting as a block; Interceptions, which eavesdrops on transmissions redirecting to unauthorized user; and Modifications, which interferes or altercates with the data being transmitted. Vulnerability on the other hand is a weakness in a system that makes it possible for a harm to be caused by an attack. Threats cannot be eliminated, but it is possible to protect a system against vulnerabilities. This would minimize the chances of a threat exploiting the vulnerability. Therefore, eliminating as much vulnerability as possible is the key to protection against the risk of attack (Ludwig, 1996). Strategies of Dealing with Risks of Attacks and Threats The security plan in an organization’s information sys tem should include both proactive and reactive strategic measures. The proactive strategy involves predefined steps for preventing attacks before they occur, and involves determining the damage of a possible attack, determining the vulnerabilities the attack would exploit, and finally minimizing the weaknesses or the determined weak points for that specific threat. This has been discussed considering several threats as mentioned: Virus, Logic Bombs, Worm A virus attaches itself to software and spreads within the system and through e-mails to other systems. A worm on the other hand spreads through exploiting vulnerability in an application or operating system in a network. A logic bomb is a virus or worm that activates under set conditions, and mainly affects the application layer.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A virus can cause multiple damages to a system, and can lead to a huge loss of a ll necessary information. The drive or software can also crash due to virus attack. All the documents stored in the hard drive can be lost. Virus would also interrupt the surfing process of the net, exposing personal information to public. This may also affect other systems in the network. Some types of virus are able to generate Internet Protocol (IP) address randomly and send automatically. If the generated address is copy of SQL server, the virus can be fired off by the system haphazardly to other IP addresses, affecting a whole system very fast. In addition, a virus attack can also cause buffer overflow where the virus may take advantage of overflow susceptibility. The affected system will not be able to handle excessive information, therefore may shut down. Zero-day attacks are tricky since they are perpetuated before the software developer would even think of implementing a counter to a threat. Vulnerability management would assist to minimize the risks of virus attacks. This is a security and quality assurance process by software developers that comprises an analysis phase of a possible attack, the test phase, reporting to developers, and mitigation or protective measures necessary. Control Measures Zero-day protection- These are protection mechanisms found in contemporary operating systems to minimize zero day attacks. Desktop and server protection software are also recommended to counter buffer overflow vulnerabilities. White listing, which only allows known good applications access the system can effectively control against zero-day attacks. Multiple layers protection would be appropriate in case where one-layer exploit is discovered. For instance, implementing server access control, local server firewalling, and network hardware firewall. These are three layers which would complement each other in case one is compromised. Antivirus and spyware can also be used to detect any virus, worm or logic bomb attacks through scanning process, and removal by destroying the parasite files and directories. Back door Attacks This is access to a computer that bypasses any set security mechanisms. This can be done for troubleshooting by a programmer, but attackers may use it as an exploit. This would pose a security risk, since crackers would always look for a vulnerable spot to exploit. A backdoor allows an intruder to interfere with files and even delete them or change system settings. It can also degrade internet facilities affecting speed and performance.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategy And Controls In Information Security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Control of Backdoors A backdoor can be found and removed by use of antivirus products. Advanced spyware removers can detect and remove backdoors by scanning. These have extensive signature databases for system parasites. Instructions on manual malware removal are also available in internet resources in cas e of an antivirus or spyware remover fails. The user can then be able to delete all files and other objects that are parasitic. Vulnerabilities A weakness in the design or operation of a system that can be exploited to compromise its security can be referred to as vulnerability. Some of the vulnerabilities encountered are highlighted below with strategies and control of dealing with them. Security Administration Systems lack security policy leading to an ungoverned information network, and therefore vulnerable to attacks. The main cause of this situation is the attitude of most PCs administrators with distaste for security administration (Vilcinskas and Niman, 2000) This can be controlled by ensuring that procedures contributing to security are predicated to elements of the policy to be firm and quite effective. This would comprise security plans and enforcement including auditing controls. In addition, security training to the staff is very crucial and should not be omitted in an o rganization. A consistent process of formal configuration management and officially documented procedures should be fully implemented. A security policy regulating the time for users logging time to the system could also be set. Architechture Single points-of-failure exist where many PCs have centralized data storage and control. Physical damage to assets may result due to permissible operation of control equipment. In addition, the leveraging of PCs and networks for emergency signals renders the system vulnerable. Other systems like security and fire are also being integrated in PCs. This increases the possibilities of disruption and intrusion (DePoy, 2003. P. 6)Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This would require an effective control hierarchy to preclude any possible physical damage. Networks Vulnerabilities in networks include limitations caused by use of simple passwords and ill-protected links for old systems which are so vulnerable to attack. However, contemporary technologies in modern systems have also led to more risk due to massive accumulation of attacks the world over. In addition, there is uninformed trust in PCs links to faithfully transmit data with shared links that are not adequately shielded from other entities using it. Also interfaces to external systems assume the same trust on outside network. Control of these vulnerabilities due to network include protecting PCs connections over vulnerable links with encryption, substantial authentication for remote access and data protection between clients and access points. The system administrator would also demand periodic change of passwords, use of screen savers that can time out and activate the workstation lo ck, and setting a NetBios password if supported by hardware manufacturer (Warigon, 1997). Conclusion Strategies of a security plan in an organization involve predefined steps for preventing attacks. Virus, logic bombs and backdoor attacks have been analyzed in this discussion and the possible administrative and other control measures. Some vulnerabilities have also been highlighted with strategies of dealing with them and control measures. These include security administration, architecture, and network-related vulnerabilities. References Beard, D. Wen, H. (2009). Reducing The Threat Levels for Accounting Information  Systems. NewYork: New York State Society. DePoy, J. (2003). Common Vulnerabilities In Critical Infrastructure Control Systems.  Sandia, U. S. : Sandia Corporation. Ludwig, M. (1996). The Little Blackbook of Computer Viruses. Tucson, Arizona: American Eagle Publications, Inc. Vilcinskas, M. Niman, P. (2000). Security Strategies. New York: Inobits Consulting Pty Lt d. Warigon, S. (1997). Data Warehouse Control and Security. London: The ledger. This essay on Strategy And Controls In Information Security was written and submitted by user Mohammed Stark to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

ACT Prep

Is There Asian-American Discrimination in College Admissions and SAT / ACT Prep SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Recently, there has been substantial coverage about whether colleges discriminate against Asian-Americans in admissions and even test prep. What does that mean for these students? How should such students navigate SAT / ACT prep and college admissions? This article surveys the current state of admissions and gives some tips. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of PrepScholar or any affiliate. While even broaching this topic can be seen as controversial, I also believe, as an educator, that I’m responsible for giving advice that helps the greatest number of students understand the landscape. This article specifically addresses Asian-Americans applying from the US and not applicants directly applying from Asia. Introduction The intersection of race and college admissions has always been a sensitive issue, but recently it has boiled over to the front pages of newspapers. Sociology professor Thomas Espenshade writes that â€Å"To receive equal consideration by elite colleges, Asian-Americans must outperform Whites by 140 points [on the 1600-scale SAT].† Data from the National Center for Education Statistics show that, while Asians of college age doubled in the last 25 years, their enrollment rates at Ivy-League schools have stayed the same. S.B. Woo, founder of the National Asian-American Educational Foundation,concludes that the â€Å"discrimination is obvious†. Others defend using race as a factor in admissions. Director of Education Equity Khin Aung argues that considering race allows benefits of diversity such as â€Å"creating the most effective learning environment.† Jeff Neal, a spokesperson at Harvard, states that Harvard â€Å"continues to support the use of holistic admissions process," which implicitly includes race. To catch up with the current state of conversation on the topic, all you have to do is Google â€Å"Asian college admissions†. Are Asian-Americans Discriminated Against in College Admissions? The value of affirmative action is controversial, but the existence of affirmative action is undisputed. The vast majority of experts in college admissions and SAT / ACT prep agree that affirmative action exists - college admissions is not totally blind to race. Given an ACT / SAT score range, it is an empirical fact that Asian-Americans have a lower acceptance rate than the average white American in many data setssuch as the Espenshade and Radford 1997 elite college admissions data. Likewise, a survey of the admitted class of 2017 at Harvard revealed that SAT scores for Asians (including Indians) were higher than those of whites. However, as anyone who has studied statistics can tell you (and I do have a Master’s degree in the field), those facts above are correlations and not causations. They suggest, but do not prove, that an Asian-American with otherwise the same application to the same school as a white American will have a lower chance of admission. I call this the Hypothesis that being Asian Lowers Admissions Chances (HALAC). HALAC, of course, implies that being Asian means that getting into a given college will be harderfor you than for a white American. What This Article Does and Does Not Do This article will give you advice as to what an Asian-American may want to consider doing to maximize chances of college admissions. On both the front of the university and the government, policy moves too slowly for it to help most Asian-Americans with this issue. Therefore, this article doesn't take any stance on the correct institutional policies or political views as a response to HALAC. Additionally, given that causality is difficult to prove, this article doesn't take a stance on whether causally the HALAC effect exists. Instead, this article focuses on things you, as an Asian-American, can do right now to maximize your chances of being accepted into top colleges. If you read through the evidence and believe that the HALAC effect exists, then the suggestions below can be useful to you. If you Google the evidence and don't think it supports HALAC, that's fine too - the advice below will be less applicable to you in that case. What Doesn't Work Before I give you the tips for what works for Asian applicants under the HALAC effect, I will first go over what absolutely doesn’t work. First, lying doesn’t work nearly as well as you might think.What if you just don’t check the Asian box? What if you check â€Å"don’t want to disclose†? The problem is that colleges can often tell your race through other means. You do have to give colleges your legal name - if your last name is Nguyen, Lee, Kim, or Patel, for example, the admissions staff will almost certainly figure it out. What about just changing your name or making up your name? This will really get you into hot water as colleges are pretty good about calling your past teachers and running background checks on you. A good rule of thumb is this: if a casual friend who knows you would unambiguously say you’re of Asian ethnicity, it’s hard to get around it. Just put down that you’re Asian and be done with it. By telling the truth on your name and ethnicity box, you at least signal honesty. On the other hand, if you have a legitimate reason for not identifying as Asian, then you can, in fact, consider this path. Suppose you’re genetically 25% Asian and 75% Hispanic, and your parents were both born in the United States. Some college applications ask you to identify with one or as many ethnicities as you want. Under the HALAC effect you probably do want to omit Asian, if allowed. Also, mass action will rarely work to your advantage for admissions. By mass action, I mean protesting the HALAC effect, suing colleges, complaining to the government, and so forth. Colleges may be reluctant to admit a student likely to cause the administration a headache.Remember, university administration is a highly political entity. The government political process also works way too slowly. It will cost millions to fight it out in court and years to reach a judgment. If your goal is to raise your chances of admissions under the HALAC effect, I would think twice about filing an official grievance. Of course, there are other fine reasons that you may want to take mass action in the future, perhaps due to your political or ethical beliefs. However, I’m just telling you that, almost always, taking official or mass action won’t increase your personal short-term chances of getting into a certain school. Who Does This Article Apply To? This article applies much more to Americans of Asian heritage, i.e. students who have studied in the US at least a few years before they apply to college. It applies much less to students who are applying directly from another country. These latter students are better classified as international students. For them, there is a whole set of other factors that are more important - for example appetite of a college for internationalstudents, authenticity of documents, etc. Throughout this article, the term â€Å"Asian† includes Indian and other ethnically related neighbors - since the data across these groups are all similar. How You Can Combat the HALAC Effect Now that you understand what the HALAC effect is, how can you use that information to increase your chances of getting into top schools? Below are three strategies for combating the HALAC effect; read through them to learn how to maximize your chances of admission. Step 1: Account for the HALAC Effect Before you can combat the HALAC effect, first you have to find where it exists. The HALAC effect is not something that can be magically erased by easy action on your part. Therefore, in response to the HALAC effect, the first and most important thing that a student of Asian heritage should do is to account for it correctly. By this, I mean realizing that your chances of getting in are lower and planning accordingly which colleges you’ll apply to and how you’ll apply to them. Accounting for the HALAC effectmeans that you should adjust where your reach, target, and safety schools are. Instead of putting them as high as you might otherwise, target them a little lower. If you target too high, you run the risk of overshooting - not getting into the target schools of your choice and instead getting into a safety school that you didn’t spend much time researching. You should also account for the HALAC effect more at classically â€Å"elite† colleges. Colleges that are US News ranked 1-10 probably suffer most from HALAC, with the effect decreasing through colleges 10-50 in rank. The effect becomes much lower in colleges ranked above 50. In fact, most HALAC studies focus on the top colleges for exactly this reason: the effects are more concentrated and more statistically significant there. There are many potential reasons for the concentration of the HALAC effect on highly ranked colleges. Proportionally, more Asians apply to these colleges, leading to the HALAC effect when colleges diversify away from Asians. Also, these schools tend to care the most about diversity factors because they are already oversubscribed by great academic performers. These diversity factors tend to be big drivers of the HALAC effect. Conversely, a more moderately rated college will show a lesser HALAC effect because, to them, someone academically strong is itself a great asset. How do you account for the HALAC effect? One method is to apply to more colleges when doing applications. Apply to three times the number of reach schools you would otherwise and twice the number of target schools. Applying to more schools ensures that you compensate for lower chances due to HALAC. The more accurate method to account for HALAC is to just do an SAT / ACT score adjustment. That is, lower your SAT by 100 points (on the 1600 scale) or yourACT score by 2 points, and then go through the colleges you’re applying to â€Å"as if† you got your adjusted score. For example, if you really got a 1500 on your SAT, think of your chances of getting into college as if you got a 1400 instead. When you look up your chances using our â€Å"what are my chances table†, use 1400 instead of 1500. By doing this adjustment, you’ll correctly identifythe right reach, target, and safety schools. Why 100 points on the SAT and 2 points on the ACT? These are rough numbers that are closest to a large set of consensus estimates for the HALAC effect. They’re a little lower than the Espenshade study but higher than some other casual surveys. I should disclaim that these numbers are rules of thumb and not hard scientific numbers. Also, for rank 1-10 schools, you should adjust for the full 100 points, but if you’re applying to schools ranked 10-50, a rule of thumb is you can account for just a 50-point adjustment. The adjustment beyond rank 50 will be smaller still. Step 2: Combat the HALAC Effect Through Test Scores Given that Asians need a 100-point increase on the 1600-SAT to reach the same admissions chances, another way to combat the effect is just by having a higher SAT / ACT score.This does require more time and dedication, but it’s definitely possible. It’s not easy to improve by 100 points on the SAT or 2 points on the ACT. However, such improvements are definitely doable. In fact, we at PrepScholar have a 160-point guarantee for the SATand a 4-point guarantee for the ACT.You’ll need to work harder, but you can overcome the HALAC effect this way. Some stereotype Asians as studying more than usual forthe SAT / ACT. However, with their need to score higher just to have the same chances under HALAC, this behavioris much less of a surprise. Step 3: Combat the HALAC Effect Through Diversity in Other Areas To combat HALAC closer to its roots, it’s useful to examine how the HALAC effect arises. Supporters of affirmative action, including the universities themselves, always emphasize diversity as the primary goal. While one can argue about whether that is the sole goal of affirmative action, it is clear that diversity provides a strong channel to drive the HALAC effect. Looking at the diversity driver of the HALAC effect will be another key for Asians to overcome it. Under this diversity driver model, the reason HALAC occurs is because, in the eyes of admissions officers, too many Asian applicants all look the same on paper. They are too similar along too many dimensions. These applicants all do well in school, have high ACT / SAT scores, play violin or piano, and play a racketsport like tennis. Oh and, of course, they are all Asian. The problem from the point of diversity isn’t that an applicant is merely Asian, but rather that an entire host of applicants all look the same along other dimensions. A colorful but useful analogy for the diversity needs of colleges is putting horses into barn stalls. The horses represent applicants, and the barn stalls are the â€Å"spaces† and archetypes that the school has for these applicants. One stall might be labeledâ€Å"Asian, high grades, piano player† - and this stall is overfilled. But if you were white, the â€Å"white, high grades, piano player† stall is only half full! You can’t change your ethnicity, but you can definitely change your other labels, your other dimensions. It turns out that â€Å"Asian, high grades, lacrosse star† is wide open too! Why not fill that stall instead? Put in more theoretical terms, to the extent the HALAC effect is about diversity, you can generate diversity along other dimensions. Instead of being an Asian who’s a top ranked violin player (stereotypical Asian), why not try being a top guitar player? You can go further than that. While a guitar is not stereotypically Asian, it is still a very common instrument. Perhaps you are better off trying to be a top French horn player? Instead of playing badminton, why not try soccer or squash? Generally, think about what the stereotypical Asian applicant looks like. If you can be equally good along a dimension but break the stereotype, it is definitely to your advantage. Being in your state’s top 20 tennis players is probably less advantageous than being one of your state’s top 20 lacrosse players. Being a top 50 debater in your state is probably better than being a top 50 math competitor. It is important that you break the Asian stereotype in ways that are low cost to you. If you can jump from being a top 20 tennis player to a top 20 lacrosse player for free, you definitely should. But life is rarely that simple - and that’s just one of many reasons I don’t like the plain advice â€Å"appear less Asian†. What if you’re a nationally ranked tennis player and don’t know a thing about lacrosse? What if math is your passion and debating is more boring to you than breaking rocks? You have to account for the fact that breaking stereotypes can be costly. I would say that, for an Asian applicant, a rank 50 state debater is stronger than a rank 50 math competitor. But a rank 50 debater is definitely weaker than a rank 5 state math competitor and is probably equal to a rank 20 state math competitor. When it comes to top colleges, they care about what you’re best at and your natural spike. I would be extremely cautious about sacrificing your best dimension in the name of diversity. In fact, I would almost never sacrifice your spike for diversity. The take-away message is this: if you can diversify in extracurriculars at low cost, then do it. However, if you have a special talent, and it happens to be in an area that â€Å"looks Asian†, then don’t give it up. The right calibration is probably a loss of 2x in rank. If you can switch from an Asian-heavy activity to an Asian-light one and lose just 1.5x in rank (e.g. rank 20 to rank 30), then make the switch. But if you have to give up 4x in rank (rank 20 to rank 80), don’t make the switch. Summary Hopefully, the above article gives you a good sense of the unique landscape that Asian-American applicants face in United States college admissions. We started out with some background on the debate - although if you want the full story it’s best to Google the controversy yourself. Then we talked about what the data shows and whether you believe in the Hypothesis of Asians having Lower Admissions Chances. In such a case, we examined how big the HALAC effect can be (about 100 points on the SAT scale). The good news is that there are steps Asian-Americans can take to increase their chances. First, look for diversity in dimensions beyond race; look for diversity in extracurriculars. Second, it’s important to ensure that you’re strong on the SAT / ACT front to make up those 100 points. Do both of these things and you'll give yourself a much better shot at getting into your dream schools. What's Next? Want to improve your SAT score so that you have a better chance of getting into topschools? Learn how studying can get you a perfect SAT score! Wondering which extracurriculars you should join to help yourself stand out? We have guides that include hundreds of extracurriculars ideas andexamples of amazing extracurriculars that are sure to impress colleges. Want more information on what it takes to get into top schools? Learn how to get accepted to Harvard and the Ivy League, written by a Harvard alum. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Dr. Fred Zhang About the Author Fred is co-founder of PrepScholar. He scored a perfect score on the SAT and is passionate about sharing information with aspiring students. 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Discuss your Understanding of the pros and cons of MRPII systems, Essay

Discuss your Understanding of the pros and cons of MRPII systems, citing at least two Web sources. How could any new system be better than an MRPII system - Essay Example es and processes information for effective decision making in scheduling, designing, inventory management and cost control in the business (Goddard, 1993). MRP II is a computer-based scheme that generates detailed production schedules using real time data to harmonize the influx of constituent resources. It is commonly used by itself, but also with the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. The MRP II system does have pros and cons which are elaborated subsequently (Goddard, 1993). The Manufacturing Resource Planning II promotes improved consistency in-on-time customer delivery and enhances inventory reductions of one-fourth to one-third. Also, there is elevated inventory turnover decline in purchasing costs because of fewer expedited shipments. Lastly, it minimizes of workforce overtime (Goddard, 1993). The cons of MRP II are centered on the fact that all of the preceding planning before creation can be based on disingenuous data and decelerate the production process itself. As unanticipated changes occur, the planning process ought to be recalculated from the start, which can cause wastefulness if feedback about drawbacks is not supplied on a well-timed, regular basis (Goddard, 1993). In conclusion, the current MRP II system takes time to put up and implement and so a new system will be better. Some recent MRP II systems have integrated limited decision making support functionality, whereas the business is moving to a newer age band of a stable, comprehensive technology, and risk is relatively low (Murgiano,

Adult learning and development theories applied to military education Assignment

Adult learning and development theories applied to military education - Assignment Example Established educational programs play an important role in influencing learning processes and program components, moderated by learning and developmental theories, empowers learning processes to success. Examples of learning theories are social cognitive orientation theory, transformational learning theory and self-directed learning theory while Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is an example of developmental theories. Class sessions, tutoring, advising, program evaluation, and mandatory assessment are examples of program components and this paper reviews them subject to learning theories and developmental theories. Transformational learning theory and educational learning components Transformational learning theory is core to adult learning program. The theory’s core construct is the learning approach in which adults transform their existing knowledge, opinions, and assumptions and assume a more open minded and comprehensive scope of their experiences. The theor y relies on meditations, based on positive and negative experiences that motivate an individual and those experiences that develop surprises to adult learners, leading to social change that may be evident in reduced poverty level in the society, enhanced knowledge base in the learners, or reduced level of oppression. Transformational learning also relies on learners’ rationale from which new knowledge constructs are developed from experiences (Merriam, Caffarella and Baumgartner, 2012; Westby, 2007). Class session defines the traditional learning process in which a teacher teaches students belonging to a given class. It is a common approach to adult education, especially because of fixed schedules converges learning time, and constrained facilities. The foundation of class session exposure of the learner to new knowledge and this identifies with diversified aspects of the transformational learning theory. Exposure to new knowledge offers a basis for reflection into the learne r’s experience, a process that triggers the transformational learning theory’s aspect of reconstruction of perspectives. Developed knowledge in class sessions also offer a benchmark for determining the motivational aspect of an experience as lower benchmarks would enlist positive attitude while high benchmarks would identify discouragements in a learner’s experience. Interactive class sessions also exhaust learners’ perspectives and rationale to transform approach to knowledge development and to changed held perspectives (King, 2009; Boylan, Bliss and Bonham, 1997). Unlike class sessions, tutoring focuses on small number of students per educators and may sometimes be done on a one-on one basis. Its scope is similar to the scope of class session and therefore identify with transformational learning theory. The tutor, in a facilitator role, exposes learners to constructs that evoke reflection and meditation upon experience to motivate new perspectives. Lear nt knowledge from the program component also establishes standards that motivate learners into reflections and meditations. Consequently, tutoring identifies with the transformational learning theory through its concepts that promote reflection, among learners, of their experience, meditation upon the experiences, and integration of the experiences and learnt concepts for a new perspective. Advisory and counseling initiatives are other major components of educational programs and apply to adult education. The adult learner prefers an active approach to knowl

The Electronic Frontiers Australia Essay Example for Free

The Electronic Frontiers Australia Essay The Electronic Frontiers Australia, Inc. (EFA) has launched a campaign â€Å"Generation Z safely surfing the Internet†, in an attempt to revoke the Australian law of forcefully blocking inappropriate content from teenage children. EFA is a NGO dedicated to the cause of promoting Internet users rights. The Australian government had earlier passed a law in 2007 requiring all Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to implement Internet filtering; which the EFA opposes. Though the proposal was held in principle by the Rudd Labor government without any detailed subsequent information, its application was confirmed in January 2008 by Minister Conroy. The campaign by EFA aims to promote safe Internet usage of the Generation Z through media and communication. The education of parents on monitoring their children’s Internet usage is also emphasized. Forcefully blocking content is an infringement of civil liberties of the computer operators, which needs to be resisted. Apart from civil rights, such blockages deprive parents of the opportunity to guide their children towards safe surfing, through habit cultivation. EFA expects communities like Adolescent Family Counseling, Anglicare and Australian Camp Connect Association to extend support for its campaign. The EFA has pointed out to the results of a 2005 survey by the Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) that showed that most parents are against the filtering system. With only three out of ten parents using the system, most parents maintained that they trusted their children’s ability to judge right from wrong. Some parents felt that the software of the filtering system was ineffective and therefore the objectives of the system cannot be realized. Many parents also felt that the implementation of the filters drastically reduced Internet speed. The EFA questioned the technical feasibility of the system saying that both the filtering systems, content analysis and index filtering are not completely foolproof. There are several ways through which the black listed content can pass through the system. Also the harmful content identified by the Australian Communications Media Authority for black listing does not include content originating outside Australia. Elaborating on the costs to the government on account of the filtering system, EFA spokesman Colin Jacobs said that the $24. 3 million allocated for this in the current budget and the $51. 4 million anticipated for the next year can be put to better use. The government in its 2004 report, revealed that the expense of executing ISP-level Internet filtering systems would be $45 million towards initial installation, extra servers to run the software and ISP personnel to set up the system, and $33 million required subsequently each year. The government had maintained that it is unsafe for children to access the Internet without the controls. However children belonging to the Generation Z have high curiosity and needs, always wanting to seek and explore. This aspect of childhood trait should be not be chopped down by forcefully blocking content. Children need to be encouraged to explore; however they need to be guided by the parents. As part of its strategy, EFA banks on major media releases on the topic to gather support. With a media portfolio of three newspapers, five online media, two journals and airtime on two radios, EFA intends to put the issue in the lime light of public sphere. Social workshops to attract journalists and establishing of strategic partnerships with media groups and publications sharing EFA views, are also in the agenda. Holding community meetings, interviews with the focus group, delivering speeches, distributing pamphlets and publishing monthly newsletters are part of the campaign’s strategy.

Great Expectations: Lessons on Life and Love :: Great Expectations Essays

Great Expectations: Lessons on Life and Love Great Expectations is merely timeless. It is about all the things that life is about: how relatives can be loving, or abusive, how people can choose their own families; how a woman might be driven to destroy her child, or give her child away; how people may be corrupt, may be redeemed; how your upbringing defines your character, and how you may rise above or embrace that definition; and how, finally, love is a choice. Great Expectations, written by Charles Dickens, is a moral book, without any clear moral directives. Its language is beautiful, its plot compelling, its characters complex and complete. People, Dickens tells us, are not always what they seem. Not simply because they've disguised or hidden or renamed themselves, like Magwitch; not only because those who seem most beautiful may be, in fact, most terrible, like Estella. People are not always what they seem because people are never only one thing. The wretched Mrs. Joe becomes nearly lovable after her injury; Mrs. Havisham melts (before she burns); Magwitch in trouble terrorizes Pip, but in prosperity is his benefactor; Wemmick's character is dependent on his location; there is a hint that even Estella, at last, is not as brightly cold as her name and nature suggests; and, of course, Pip is at first good, and then snobbish and profligate, and then, finally, good. Money changes everything except human nature. Human beings chan ge: not for the better, and not for the worse, and not permanently. People change, then change back. Their changes do not necessarily make them happy. That is the human condition. "That was a memorable day for me," says Pip, after first visiting Satis House, "for it made great changes in me. But it is the same with any life. Imagine one selected day struck out of it, and think how different its course would have been. Pause, you who read this, and think for a moment of the long chain of iron or gold, of thorns or flowers, that would never have bound you, but for the formation of the first link on one memorable day." "Great Expectations" is no less instructive for not being morally definite. That first link will change you, as the circumstances of your childhood will. It is your own duty (I believe Dickens says) to change yourself inwardly as you are changed outwardly.

Biometrics Identification Attendance Monitoring System Essay

Technology plays an important role in our society because of modernization. One that makes the daily activities of organizations more convenient is the use of technology. The internet that is really abundant today for handling information, web-based applications are some example of this and Information Technology (IT) is a big help to many companies. To resolve the problems encountered in the daily processes as well as to make their company effective and competitive. â€Å"Business Analytics† is a continuous iterative exploration that refers to the technology, application, processes and a fact based management to driven decision making. Philippine Auto Components, Inc. was established in the Philippines in 1995. The company is a part of DENSO Corporation Japan, which is the leading company in automotive technology components in the world. The products are car air-conditioning and heating systems, electrical automotive and electronic control products, filters, fuel management systems, instrument panel clusters and radiators. PAC is certified as ISO 14001 in August 1998 for it regards the preservation of natural resources and international and environmental standard. The company have the mission to contribute to the better world by creating value together with a vision for future. It’s Vision to become the top design engineering who totally develop Electronic automobile technology. Its philosophy, such as Customer satisfaction to quality products and services, Global Growth through anticipation of change, Environmental Preservation and harmony with society and Corporate vitality and respect for individuality. The organization works the spirit of having teamwork, as One for All, All for One†. The policy in the manufacturing as 3M- Minimum space, stock, investment; 3N- No defect received, produced, delivered; 3S- speed, simple, s. o. p and 3Z- Zero emission, variance, accident. The principles of HR to their employees to motivate them to work with encouragement by fully concentrating with their capabilities, to recruit, assign, retain, and develop competitive workers with creative power and fair HR management policies to gain for DENSO recognition in both community and associates. Since they expanded last year, they will focus on recruitment of new employees and maintaining the performances of their current workers. Because of this they exceed more time and focus for the HR Personnel to generate reports about the employees, the applicants as well as the supervisors. In the recruitment process, there are applicants that will have an exam once they submitted their resume in the company; applicant wait hours while screening of their resume which is checked by HR Personnel. Applicants who passed the exam will be informed through phone for scheduled interview and requirements. Usually applicants wait months with the result. When an employee requests a sick leave, he/she is required to fill up explanatory form. Before request leave acceptance, he is required to submit medical certification for the updating signed by concerned Officers for HR archiving and verification. Ailing personnel is considered unfit to work. Meanwhile, the supervisors have several tasks to accomplish also and the top priority is the work for the flow of the production. They should go to the designation area of the supervisors and employees to update records correcting inconsistencies accomplishing this with given deadline. HR has other reports to be done apart from this. Through cooperation and time management the process with the HR, it should be easier for them to handle. We focused our study on the HR department about their current process in the recruitment, evaluation and filling leave by the employees as well as the reports for the HR. The researchers want to contribute to the improvement of the processes through this study. The Philippine Auto Components, Inc. is one of the companies that want improvement, in their office because they encountered inconveniency. The main objective of the study is to develop efficiently the current process of Human resources of Philippine Auto Component, Inc. Specifically, the study aims to achieve the following: 1. To determine the problem with regards to data rendering of Human Resources. 2. To determine the issues with regards to generating reports of Employees Information. 3. To address accurately the information for the Human Resources related decision. 4. To speed up the process of monitoring the records in recruitment, job evaluation and performance, leave request and employees’ information. 5. To provide a system that can be effective, accurate, reliable, user friendly and secure. 6. To improve the reports and employees information being mishandled that leads to the lost of data and errors in records. Conceptual Framework The researchers used a paradigm structure to support the fundamental principles of the study. A paradigm is a pattern or a model that corresponds to the real world of processes on what the researchers have gathered. It guides the development of the study regarding what the proponents want to improve for the satisfaction among the persons involved in this study. The figure shows the paradigm that is based upon the process in the Human Resource Department or the office. The paradigm has the Input, Process and Output that will guide the researchers for the development of the automation in some HR processes. INPUTPROCESSOUTPUT Figure 1. Conceptual Framework The figure shows the process inside the HR that the information about the employee, applicants and even the supervisors are being recorded. The employees information like their leave request, their performances in their designated jobs including the personal information and which the department they belong to. The applicants’ information with the flow of recruitment and their training are also being input. The supervisors are also being evaluated by the employees. This will be processed and have an output of the reports in evaluations of three, the absence calculations and the lists of the current employees and newly hired as well as the applicants’ information and list. Significance of the Study Prior to the advent of computerization, data is processed manually. However, in the past few decades, the computer and electronic technology has been incorporated into almost every aspect of our lives. They now play a big role in the lives of people and assist them in taking care of files and documents. Today, there is probably no better indication of how technologically advance is the society than a computerization process. Nowadays, computers have become the base technology that enables the people to tap information resources as the fast growing industry of the internet. Great help will be provided for the company Philippine Auto Components, Inc. in terms of trends in Information System, thus, improving the HR functions and benefits as the delivery of services within the organization. The following are the beneficiaries: Company. The Philippine Auto Components, Inc. will benefit because they can save materials like papers and inks as part of their cost in the operation of the company, especially they can now have strategic planning to be more competitive advantages instead on focusing to the manual process that HR has. The company will remove the barrier between the branches or other department. HR Personnel. Can give less effort in the report, target deadlines are being done before the date, eliminates human errors, save time, the leave and absences made by the employees are monitored as well as the communication between the applicants and employee is more convenient. The possible loss of information is less. Supervisors. Accurate and up to date leave reporting and a real-time tracking of leave will generate the system. They are easily informed about the leave request and handling of approval and disapproval will not disturb their other work activities within the company. Employees. Can easily file a leave request without filling up many forms like explanation slip, and they can monitor and aware of their allotted leave such as sick leave and vacation leave. They can work in a fair environment. Their performances are also shown for they will be in the sense of improving their jobs and have a goal to do task well managed and be an asset to the company. Applicants. Hiring within the company is easily being known by the applicants and they will prefer online applications than traditional walk-in job hunting which is time consuming and costly. The announcement online will benefit them, for they can easily apply for what exact job they are looking for. The follow-up Interview schedule through email would be better than waiting for a phone call. Researchers. This will help the future researchers to use this as their reference in their study as well as the programming language being used. This will aid them in enriching their study and will serve as a source of their related literature. Scope and Limitation This study will focus on the HR functions in the company, Philippine Auto Components, Inc. and is intended to eliminate the common problems encountered by the current process of the organization. The information about the current employees, applicants as well as the supervisors will be input to the system. The employees can request a leave which is being approved by the supervisor with the use of the system. Employees can also monitor their allotted leave and performances in their jobs. Applicants can follow-up scheduled interviews through the notification in the HR admin who uses the system. They can also view hiring position within the company. HR can monitor the training of the newly hired employees. The information list of employees in their classification belonged to like contractual, under probationary, regular employees and on the job trainees are also being monitored. The allotted or remaining absence or leave will be monitored by the employee. The performances of employees being evaluated by the supervisor and the applicants’ information are being updated by the HR Personnel. The system offers reports like list of employees, list of applicants, leave monitoring and evaluation reports among the employees. There is a communication between the employee and the HR department and employees can also suggest some ideas to the management. The system does not cover the inventory of all the materials inside the company, cannot compute the sales of the company, do not monitor the prices of the product, cannot monitor trucking and shipping of the products and cannot make purchase order. Definition of Terms Online. A computer-related application that uses an internet connection to be access by the users of the system to communicate easier and faster among the people involved in the institution. It helps the organization to gain more competitive advantages. Company. This is the working environment that has one goal in achieving their vision in terms of business and customer services depending on their products. Organization. It is the groups of people in the company that are involved in the process of Human Resources and needed to have the full attention with regards to the data handling. I. S. Information System. System that help the current process to be more accurate, efficient, secured, user friendly and make their work and day to day operation be more convenient. HRIS. Human Resource Information System. System that develop to collect, process, store and distribute information applying to the policies and process of the Human Resource Management. HRM. Human Resource Management. It encompasses the recruitment, records, leave reports and other information that provides a safe and fair environment in the company. HR Personnel. Person who are responsible in the Human Resource in the current process. HR Department. The persons who are involved in the data reports, recruitment, evaluation and the whole Human Resource process in the company. Supervisors. The head officer of each department in the company that implement the rules and regulations of the company, communicating to the HR for the better flow of the employees’ job, be motivated and guides them for their leave request. Employees. The persons who work within the company’s premises. Applicant. The people who seek job vacancies in the company to have a work and be stable to the day to day life. Leave Request. The employees need to file when in sick, emergency, even maternity and paternity leave covered on period of the date. Computerization. It is the process of applying technology in the paper handling materials for betterment of the organizations’ tasks in the company. Paradigm. A pattern that will help the researchers to overview the covered processes of the HR on what are should be the input data and the accurate output of the system. Quantitative Data. It express the data’s certain amount or range. It makes sense to set boundary limits to such data and it is also meaningful to apply arithmetic operations to data. Quantitative research. This is a technique like surveys whose findings may be expressed numerically and can be computed through mathematical manipulation. That will help the researchers to estimate the future events or quantities. Lickert Scale. It is the way to measure the mean figure responses and evaluate a study through questionnaire using decrement value (Strongly Agree, Agree, Neither, Disagree and Strongly Disagree). Iterative Waterfall. The focus is on delivering a sprint of work as opposed to a series of valuable/shippable features.